Today, according to the ILO's most recent estimates, over 132 million boys and girls, aged 5-14 years old, work in agriculture around the world. They are part of an estimated 246 million child labourers globally. Few countries and sectors totally escape this terrible blight in the 21st century.
Reference Document
In September 2001, chocolate and cocoa industry representatives signed an agreement, developed in partnership with Senator Tom Harkin and Representative Eliot Engel, to eliminate the worst forms of child labor in the growing and processing of cocoa beans and their derivative products wherever cocoa is grown. The agreement, known as the "Harkin Engel Protocol" prescribes a comprehensive, six-point problem-solving approach along with a time-bound process for credibly eliminating the use of abusive child labor in cocoa growing. It marked an important first -an entire industry including companies from the United States, Europe and the United Kingdom, taking responsibility for addressing the worst forms of child labor in its supply chain.
ILO publications and Conventions
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ILO Convention_182 (Worts Forms of Child Labour), Convention concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour
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ILO Convention 29 (Forced Labour), Convention concerning Forced or Compulsory Labour
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ILO Convention 138 (Minimum Age),Convention concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment
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ILO Rooting out child labour from cocoa farms - Paper No. 1 - A synthesis report of five rapid assessments (2007).
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ILO Rooting out child labour from cocoa farms - Paper No. 2 - Safety and health hazards (2007).
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ILO Rooting out child labour from cocoa farms - Paper No. 3 - Sharing experiences (2007).
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ILO Rooting out child labour from cocoa farms - Paper No. 4 - Child labour monitoring - A partnership of communities and government (2007).
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ILO Tackling hazardous child labour in agriculture Guidance on policy and practice (Report), 2006.
UN Convention
Convention on the rights of the Child: adopted and opened for signature, ratification and accession by UN General Assembly resolution 44/25 of 20 November 1989 entry into force 2 September 1990.
Statistics
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ILO, Bureau of Library and Information Service, Child Labour Statistics: This database presents data compiled by or sponsored by the ILO, along with data from national statistical agencies and other sources.
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Global March against Child Labour Resource Centre: In this section you are provided with vast resources on child labour. Global March has attempted to compile reports and articles from across the world, and though the list is not exhaustive.
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UNICEF Statistics: This page provides information on key UNICEF statistical databases.
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World Bank, Child Labour statistics: This page contains World bank resources, as well as useful links to internet sources of information on child labour and related issues.
National Surveys
Cote d'Ivoire
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Executive summary Initial diagnostic survey (Summary - Nov. 2007).
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Initial diagnostic survey (Survey - Nov. 2007).
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Rapport Enquete initiale de diagnostic (Rapport - Nov. 2007).
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Rapport final de l’Enquête Initiale de Diagnostic extension 2007-2008 ( Rapport - Juin 2008 ).
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Résumé de l’Enquête Initiale de Diagnostic extension 2007-2008 ( Résumé - Juin 2008 ).
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Rapport d'évaluation des actions de remédiation de 2002 à 2007 ( Rapport - Juillet 2008 ).
Ghana
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Hazardous Activity Framework for Ghana (Document - 2008).
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Executive summary Cocoa Labor Survey in Ghana (Summary - June 2008).
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Cocoa Labour Study in Ghana (2007 - 2008) Policy Brief (Document - June 2008).
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Cocoa Labor Survey in Ghana 2007 - 2008 (Survey - June 2008).
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MMYE Pilot labour survey in cocoa production (Survey - April 2007).
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National Cocoa Child Labour Elimination Programme 2006 - 2011 (Main text)
Documents and Reports
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Oversight of public and private initiatives to eliminate the worst forms of child labour in the cocoa sector in Cote d’Ivoire and Ghana", Tulane University Second Annual Report, Septembre 2008 (Report).
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“Child labour, basic education and international donor policies: A challenge to conventional Wisdom”, Campaign Stop Child Labour - School is the best place to work - The campaign ‘Stop Child Labour – School is the best place to work’ is a joint effort of ten organisations in six European countries: Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Italy and The Netherlands (Report).
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Free the Slaves: “Rebuilding Lives: an introduction to promising practices in the rehabilitation of freed slaves” (Report).
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‘Action Plan for Companies to Combat Child Labour’ by the campaign ‘Stop Child Labour – School is the best place to work’- The campaign ‘Stop Child Labour – School is the best place to work’ is a joint effort of ten organisations in six European countries: Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Italy and The Netherlands, February 2008 (Report).
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Aidan McQuade, Director, Anti-Slavery International - "Reflections on visit to International Cocoa Initiative programmes in West Africa", February 2008 (Report).
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"Oversight of public and private initiatives to eliminate the worst forms of child labour in the cocoa sector in Cote d’Ivoire and Ghana", Tulane University First annual Report, November 2007 (Report).
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"Labour Migration Patterns and Child Trafficking from the Upper-East Region of Ghana – Findings and Recommendations from a joint field mission" by Amidu Ibrahim-Tanko,(Partnerships for Sustainable Development) and Katherine Owen (International Cocoa Initiative), August 2005 (Report).
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"Child Labor in the Cocoa Sector of West Africa A synthesis of findings in Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, and Nigeria", Under the auspices of USAID/USDOL/ILO, Sustainable Tree Crops Program (STCP), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, August 2002 (Report)
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